maria altmann aunt
[14], Similarly to Woman in Gold, Laurie Lico Albanese's 2017 historical fiction novel, Stolen Beauty, tells the story of Maria Altmann and her aunt Adele Bloch-Bauer. [6], Altmann's uncle, Czech sugar magnate Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer, owned a small collection of artwork by the Austrian master Gustav Klimt, including two portraits of his wife, Adele Bloch-Bauer. Learn about the real inspiration behind the 2017 movie about the Pentagon Papers. Maria Altmann was an Austrian-American Jewish refugee who escaped Nazi occupied Austria and took refuge in America where she later became a naturalized citizen. After the paintings arrived in the United States, she told The New York Times: “You know, in Austria they asked, ‘Would you loan them to us again?’ And I said: ‘We loaned them for 68 years. âMy mother got mad and said, âHow dare you ask such a thing? "Maria Altmann, a Viennese Jew who escaped to California to avoid the Holocaust, is the charismatic heart of "Stealing Klimt," a straightforward and engrossing account of how Altmann doggedly set out to reclaim five precious paintings the Nazis stole from her family in 1938. "That painting belonged to the family of an Austrian Jew called Maria Altmann, of which she was the surviving member after the Holocaust. In so doing, it disregarded the fact that his own will had left his estate to his nieces and nephews. Edit. Yet Altmann never forgot what the Nazis stole from her family. The beloved hymn and its author John Newton, a former enslaver, have inspired a new Broadway musical, but the true history is complex and ambiguous. (The lawyer who handled Altmann's case was E Randol Schoenberg, the composer's grandson. Randol Schoenberg, one of the storyâs real-life inspirations, attended the screening at the Museum of Modern Art with his family in tow. With Helen Mirren, Ryan Reynolds, Daniel Brühl, Katie Holmes. [15], United States District Court for the Central District of California, The Accidental Caregiver: How I Met, Loved, and Lost Legendary Holocaust Refugee Maria Altmann, National Fund of the Republic of Austria for Victims of National Socialism, Adele Bloch-Bauer German Wikipedia article, Ferdinant Bloch-Bauer German Wikipedia article. Photo: Lawrence K. Ho/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images. Among her clients was Caroline Brown Tracy, the mother of actor Spencer Tracy. Sixty years after fleeing Vienna, Maria Altmann (Helen Mirren), an elderly Jewish woman, attempts to reclaim family possessions that were seized by the Nazis. The Altmanns then fled to America and ultimately settled in California. Traveling by way of Liverpool, England, they reached the United States and settled first in Fall River, Massachusetts, and finally in the wealthy Los Angeles neighborhood of Cheviot Hills. Adele would often hold court for musicians, artists and writers in the salon of her huge house on Elisabethstrasse near the Wiener Staatsoper (the Vienna State Opera house). The couple then lived under house arrest until Altmann managed to elude the guards by claiming that her husband needed a dentist. Altmann recalled: “My father died two weeks after that. KAREN GRISBY BATES: Maria Altmann died in Los Angeles, but she was born in Vienna when the city was a flourishing center of the arts. Learn about how the beloved children's book came to be and the hidden political message in its story. Maria Altmann (February 18, 1916 – February 7, 2011) was an Austrian-American Jewish refugee from Austria, who fled her home country after it was occupied by the Nazis. At the time, the five paintings were estimated to be worth approximately US$135 million, making the filing fee over $1.5 million. In 1999, she sought to sue the government of Austria in an Austrian court. By opening the archives of the Ministry of Culture for the first time, the new law enabled Austrian investigative journalist Hubertus Czernin to discover that, contrary to what had been generally assumed, Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer had never donated the paintings to the state museum.[6]. He sent Altmann a cashmere sweater to see if Americans might like the fine, soft wool. Maria Altmann in 2005 with a print of the Gustav Klimt work âPortrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer,ââ which depicts her aunt. [1][3][4] Maria was close friends in the 1930s with Viennese actor and soon Hollywood-transplant Walter Slezak.[5]. The avant-garde of the Austrian capital included the composer Arnold Schoenberg. It's not mentioned, but Maria Altmann's aunt Adele was her biological aunt. âShe was very cool, fabulously elegant and an interesting woman,â Altmann remembers. Stealing Klimt, released in 2007, features interviews with Altmann and others who were closely involved with the case from E. Randol Schoenberg to Hubertus Czernin. The paintings were estimated to be collectively worth at least $150 million when returned. Altmann said her Aunt Adele had always wanted her golden portrait in a public gallery. The Rape of Europa, a documentary about the Nazi plunder, also included material about Altmann. Maria Altmann was a 21-year-old newlywed when the Gestapo seized her husband, Fritz, and sent him to the Dachau concentration camp in an effort to force his brother to turn over a textile factory. âSUFFERINGâ was the first word that came to Maria Altmann when she was asked about Aunt Adele Bloch-Bauer. Maria Altmann in 2005 with the recovered Klimt painting of her aunt Adele. Altmann is also portrayed in a memoir by her caregiver Gregor Collins, called The Accidental Caregiver: How I Met, Loved, and Lost Legendary Holocaust Refugee Maria Altmann. Altmann was left with only memories of the paintings, as they were stolen when the Nazis took over Austria in 1938. Photograph: Ann Johansson/Corbis Many of their friends and relatives were either killed by the Nazis or committed suicide. He was the lawyer who battled the Austrian government in court to win custody of the painting on behalf of Maria Altmann â the niece of Bloch-Bauer and the paintingâs rightful owner â who fled to Los Angeles during World War II. Maria Altmann and her husband fled Vienna in 1938, leaving her parents behind to go to the U.S. She had decided to start over and make a life of her own. She donated the proceeds of the paintings to relatives and many charities, including the Los Angeles Opera. Learn about the Jewish refugee whose painting of her aunt was stolen by Nazis and inspired the 2015 movie starring Helen Mirren. "That painting belonged to the family of an Austrian Jew called Maria Altmann, of which she was the surviving member after the Holocaust. The paintings left Austria in March 2006 and were on display at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art until June 30, 2006. In her will, Adele, who died in 1925, well before the rise of the Nazis, had asked her husband to leave the Klimts to the Austrian State Gallery upon his death; a much-debated point in more recent years has been whether this request should or should not be considered legally binding upon her husband, who was himself the owner of the paintings. After this decision, Altmann and Austria agreed to binding arbitration by a panel of three Austrian judges. The Nazis held Fredrick at Dachau concentration camp to persuade his brother, Bernhard, to sign over his lucrative textile factory to them. Maria Altmann, 82, was just 8 years old, youngest in a wealthy Jewish family in Vienna, when her aunt Adele Bloch-Bauer died. The two boarded a plane to Cologne and made their way to the Dutch border, where a peasant guided them across a brook, under barbed wire and into the Netherlands. Maria Altmann fought for a Gustav Klimt portrait of her aunt that had been looted by the Nazis. Maria was nine when her aunt died. Under the Nazis, Fredrick was arrested in Austria and held hostage at the Dachau concentration camp to force his brother Bernhard Altmann, by then safely in England, to transfer his successful Bernhard Altmann textile factory into German hands. In 2000, Altmann filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Central District of California under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA). In any event, following the Nazi Anschluss of 1938 and Ferdinand's flight from Austria, the paintings were looted, initially falling into the hands of a Nazi lawyer. By this time, six of the paintings, Buchenwald (1903), Adele Bloch-Bauer I (1907), Schloss Kammer am Attersee III (1910), Adele Bloch-Bauer II (1912), Apfelbaum I (1912) and Häuser in Unterach am Attersee (1916), had made their way into the possession of the Austrian government. If life is a race, you beat me to the finish. The 2015 film focuses on Bloch-Bauer's niece Maria Altmann, played by Helen Mirren, and her quest to reclaim the famous Klimt painting from the Austrian government, but there is a lot more to her story. Obituaries appeared in The New York Times, The Guardian, and many other publications internationally.[6][9]. Altmann's story has been recounted in three documentary films. In November 2006, Adele Bloch-Bauer II (1912) was sold at auction at Christie's in New York fetching almost $88 million. Two years later, the art finally found its way to her home in Los Angeles, becoming the most expensive return of Nazi-stolen art at that time. Frail, dark, beautiful, always with a headache. The Rape of Europa, a documentary about the Nazi plunder, also included material about Altmann. Maria Altmann was born Maria Victoria Bloch on February 18, 1916 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, the daughter of Marie Therese (née Bauer 1874–1961) and Gustav Bloch (1862–1938). It was the first of two portraits that Klimt painted of Adele. Adele's Wish, released in 2008 by filmmaker Terrence Turner, features interviews with Altmann, Schoenberg, and leading experts from around the world. Years later, Altmann fought to get the painting back for her family and she went before the U.S. Supreme Court in 2004. Not long after their Paris honeymoon, the 1938 Anschluss incorporated Austria into Nazi Germany. ... s grand house that was embellished with tapestries, pictures, fine porcelain collection and stylish furniture. Maria Viktoria Bloch-Bauer was born to Gustav Bloch-Bauer and Therese Bauer on February 18, 1916, in Vienna, Austria. Her husband died in 1994. He died of a broken heart.” Of course, the Nazis seized all of Ferdinand's assets, which included his vast art collection. [2], She was a niece of Adele Bloch-Bauer, a wealthy Jewish patron of the arts who served as the model for some of Klimt's best-known paintings and who hosted a renowned Viennese salon that regularly attracted the most prominent artists of the day, including Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss, Arthur Schnitzler, Johannes Brahms, Franz Werfel, Alma Mahler, Leo Slezak, Otto Wagner, George Minne, Karl Renner, Julius Tandler, and Klimt. Her husband and she were victims of an escalating antisemitism in the now German-held Austria, which was why they fled to America. For many years, Altmann had assumed that the Austrian National Gallery had taken possession of the Klimt paintings. But the Nazis stole them from her — the stunning necklace she wore on her wedding day was sent to Nazi leader Hermann Göring as a present for his wife. Maria Altmann, an octogenarian Jewish refugee, takes on the Austrian government to recover artwork she believes rightfully belongs to her family. Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer, painting by Gustav Klimt (1862-1918). However, an independent arbitration followed in 2004, resulting in Altmann's favor. Report This. Directed by Simon Curtis. Collins travels around the world speaking at various venues about their unusual relationship. ... Altmann said her Aunt ⦠The proceeds were divided up among several heirs. The film also stars Ryan Reynolds as E. Randol Schoenberg. The real-life heroism of Jan and Antonina Zabinski, who helped save 300 Jews and insurgents during the Holocaust, has become a Hollywood movie. Emblazoned with a reputation for sexual promiscuity, the longest-reigning Empress of Russia was actually a “serial monogamist” who sent her exes off with lovely parting gifts. Fredrick was released and the couple fled for their lives. Yet the paintings hung in Vienna’s Austrian Gallery at Belvedere Palace with a placard inscribed: "Adele Bloch-Bauer 1907, bequeathed by Adele and Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer." Maria Viktoria Bloch-Bauer was born to Gustav Bloch-Bauer and Therese Bauer on February 18, 1916, in Vienna, Austria. Maria talks about her aunt Adele Bloch-Bauer, who was painted by Gustav Kilmt in his âPortrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer.â Nazi soldiers confiscated the painting at the start of WWII and after the war, the Austrian State Gallery claimed the painting as its own. Dr. Bennet Omalu and his battle to raise awareness about CTE is the inspiration behind the 2015 movie starring Will Smith. Her life story and battle to reclaim the family Klimt collection is recounted in the book The Lady in Gold, the Extraordinary Tale of Gustav Klimt's Masterpiece, Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer, by Anne-Marie O'Connor. In 1937, Maria married Fredrick "Fritz" Altmann. The painting, depicting Altmannâs aunt Adele Bloch-Bauer, had become a famous museum attraction in Vienna â what some had called that countryâs Mona Lisa. Although Altmann was not old enough at the time to remember Klimt's visits, she grew up visiting her uncle and aunt's grand house, which was filled with pictures, tapestries, elegant furniture and a collection of fine porcelain. On learning of Czernin's findings, Altmann at first sought to negotiate with the Austrian government about retrieving some of the paintings. Under Austrian law, however, the filing fee for such a lawsuit is determined as a percentage of the recoverable amount. In 1925, Adele died of meningitis at the age of 44. [11][12], Altmann died on February 7, 2011 at her home in the Cheviot Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles, shortly before her 95th birthday. A new movie tells the true story of Maria Altmann, who fought her way to the U.S. Supreme Court to force the Austrian government to return a painting of her aunt. Adele Bloch-Bauer was her aunt. Altmann's story has been recounted in three documentary films. Her life story and battle to reclaim the fa⦠Adele's Wish, released in 2008 by filmmaker Terrence Turner, features interviews with Altmann, Schoenberg, and leading experts from around the world. It was published on August 15, 2012,[4] and documents Collins's and Altmann's chance meeting and three years together, ending at her death in 2011. Shortly after Maria arrived in Los Angeles, Bernhard Altmann mailed her a sweater made of cashmere wool – a luxury fabric not yet widely available in the United States – accompanied with the note: "See what you can do with this." At this stage she asked only for the Klimt landscapes belonging to her family, and was willing to allow Austria to keep the portraits. She wanted justice. Other stores across the country followed suit, and Altmann eventually opened her own clothing boutique. “But I will do them the pleasure of staying alive.”, She did and she triumphed. The case, Republic of Austria v. Altmann, ended up in the Supreme Court of the United States, which ruled in 2004 that Austria was not immune from such a lawsuit. She told NPR in 1998 her aunt⦠While Frederick was working for aerospace firm Lockheed Martin in California, Bernhard had started a new textile factory in Liverpool, England. Maria Altmann : My sister, Louise-I truly loved her, but truth is, we were always competitive. Questioning the Story: What is the original title of the gold-flecked painting? Enough loans.’ ”. The real woman in gold. Although the Austrian courts later reduced this amount to $350,000, this was still too much for Altmann, and she dropped her case in the Austrian court system. She had just married opera singer Fritz Altmann and her uncle had given her Adele's diamond earrings and a necklace as a wedding present. Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I (also called The Lady in Gold or The Woman in Gold) is a painting by Gustav Klimt, completed between 1903 and 1907.The portrait was commissioned by the sitter's husband, Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer [], a Jewish banker and sugar producer.The painting was stolen by the Nazis in 1941 and displayed at the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere. Maria Altmann, who died on 7 February aged 94, was a refugee from Nazi-occupied Austria who successfully fought to recover Gustav Klimt paintings looted from her Jewish family. "Lauder Pays $135 Million, a Record, for a Klimt Portrait", "The Accidental Caregiver: How I Met, Loved, and Lost Legendary Holocaust Refugee Maria Altmann", "Maria Altmann, Pursuer of Family's Stolen Paintings, Dies at 94", "Six Klimt paintings – Maria Altmann and Austria — Centre du droit de l'art", Neue Galerie's announcement of the exhibition of all five of the works, "Maria Altmann Obituary – Maria Altmann Funeral – Legacy.com", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria_Altmann&oldid=1014435412, Jewish emigrants from Austria to the United States after the Anschluss, Burials at Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The recovery of five family-owned paintings by, This page was last edited on 27 March 2021, at 01:45. In 2006, Adeleâs niece, Maria Altmann, told The New York Times about asking her own mother if Adele and Klimt had an affair. They made a harrowing escape, leaving behind their home, loved ones, and property, including jewelry that later found its way into the collection of Hermann Göring. Photo: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images. [13], Altmann is portrayed by Helen Mirren and Tatiana Maslany in the 2015 film Woman in Gold, chronicling Altmann's nearly decade-long struggle to recover the Klimt paintings. Her proposal was not, however, treated seriously by the Austrian authorities. Maria Altmann's cousin, Ruth Rogers-Altmann, made it out of Vienna around the same time and settled in New York. Altmann and her lawyer took their case all the way to the Supreme Court and won. But when she was 82, she learned from the tenacious Austrian investigative journalist Hubertus Czernin that the title to the paintings was hers, and she vowed to get them back. He depicted her in a swirling gown within a blaze of gold rectangles, spirals and Egyptian symbols — she became the epitome of Vienna's Golden Age. Stealing Klimt, released in 2007, features interviews with Altmann and others who were closely involved with the case from E. Randol Schoenberg to Hubertus Czernin. Maria Altmann continued to live in the same house and work in her shop. It had kept the paintings based on Adele’s will in which she made a “kind request,” that Ferdinand donate the paintings to the state museum after his death, which took place in 1945. Since July 13, 2006, the painting has been on public display in the Neue Galerie in New York City, which was established by Lauder in 2001. Maria became the face of cashmere in California and eventually started her own clothing business. Altmann led a charmed childhood. A share of the money earned through the sale of the pictures was used to found the Maria Altmann Family Foundation, which supports the Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust and other public and philanthropic institutions. Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I became known as Woman in Gold, as well as a symbol of all that the family had lost. The four additional works by Klimt were also exhibited at the Neue Gallerie for several weeks in 2006.[10]. Maria Altmann always called Adele her âdouble auntâ, as her mother and Adele were sisters who had married brothers. Ryan Reynolds portrays him in the film.). Maria Altmannâs art war Altman, who died on Monday at 94, waged a remarkable fight for return of a Klimt portrait of her aunt, which had been seized by the Nazis. A romance between the women is depicted in the movie "Ammonite," but historians believe they were simply close friends. Her wealthy Jewish family, including her uncle Ferdinand and aunt Adele, were close to the artists of the Vienna Secession movement, which Klimt helped establish in 1897. The painting Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I (1907) was sold to cosmetics heir Ronald Lauder for $135 million, at the time the highest sum ever paid for a painting. She didn't want the paintings. In researching the Woman in Gold true story, we discovered that Gustav Klimt's 1907 painting was originally titled "Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I," named for the woman who posed for it, Maria Altmann's Aunt Adele. The titular character in Woman in Gold is Adele Bloch-Bauer, whose husband, Czech sugar mogul Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer, commissioned Austrian symbolist painter Gustav Klimt to paint two portraits of his wife when she was 25 years old. Altmann took the sweater to a department store in Beverly Hills, which agreed to sell them. It was the famous Gustav Klimt gold painting of her aunt Adele Bloch-Bauer. Adele Bloch-Bauer was her aunt. But if life is a boxing match, I'm the last one standing. Afterward, Altmann recalled that the family’s regular Sunday brunches at her uncle’s house always included a viewing of the portrait, as well as four other works by Klimt, including another later painting of Adele. Maria Altmann stands next to a print of a Gustav Klimt painting of her aunt, titled "Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer," at her home in Los Angeles last April. Bernhard had already escaped to London by this time, but when he heard the news about his brother, he gave the Nazis his business, and in turn, Frederick was set free. When Altmann arrived there, she defied the security guards to be photographed beside her Aunt Adele, saying loudly: “That painting belongs to me.”, For many years, Altmann battled the Austrian government with great fervor. In total, the four remaining paintings sold at auction for $192.7 million; coupled with the Lauder-bought painting the sum total was approximately $325 million. Ronald Lauder, a businessman and philanthropist who had loved Adele's face from boyhood, happily paid $135 million to enshrine her in his Neue Galerie in Manhattan. Since 1941, ... Maria Altmann and others stand on the high moral ground of ⦠She is noted for her ultimately successful legal campaign to reclaim from the Government of Austria five family-owned paintings by the artist Gustav Klimt which were stolen by the Nazis during World War II. However, the world came to know Adele as Klimt had painted her in 1907. Among them is a famous portrait of Maria's beloved Aunt Adele: Gustave Klimt's "Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I." Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer died on 13 November 1945, soon after World War II, leaving his estate to a nephew and two nieces, one of whom was Maria Altmann. See the article on Altmann at the German-language version of Wikipedia. “They will delay, delay, delay, hoping I will die,” she told The Los Angeles Times in 2001, with no end in sight to her case. [1] The family name was changed to Bloch-Bauer the following year. Her father, Gustav, was most devastated when his prized Stradivarius cello was taken from him. Adele Bloch-Bauer was thin, beautiful and no ordinary turn-of-the-century woman. [6][9] On 16 January 2006, the arbitration panel ruled that Austria was legally required to return the art to Altmann and the other family heirs, and in March of the same year Austria returned the paintings. [4], Altmann became a naturalized American citizen in 1945. Maria Altmann fought her way to the U.S. Supreme Court to force the Austrian government to give back this painting by Gustav Klimt of her aunt, Adele ⦠In 1999 she and her lawyer tried to sue the Austrian government. She was her mother's sister. Months after the Austrian government returned Altmann's family's belongings, she consigned the Klimt paintings to the auction house Christie's to be sold on behalf of her family. Maria took the sweater to Kerr's Department Store in Beverly Hills and attracted a multitude of buyers in California and across the United States for Bernhard Altmann's cashmere sweaters. It fetched £73m in 2006, a world record at the time. [7][6][8], With Austria under pressure in the 1990s to re-examine its Nazi past, the Austrian Green Party helped pass a new law in 1998 introducing greater transparency into the hitherto murky process of dealing with the issue of restitution of artworks looted during the Nazi period. The first and most famous of the two later became known as Woman in Gold. Maria Altmann, who escaped Nazi-occupied Vienna as a newlywed and returned to wage a triumphant fight to recover Gustav Klimtâs iconic gold portrait of her remarkable aunt⦠Actress Helen Mirren plays Maria Altmann in the film, the niece of Adele Bloch-Bauer. Here's a surprising look at the real actress who lived beyond the glare of her celebrity. (Reed Saxon/Associated Press) Born Maria Viktoria Bloch-Bauer in ⦠At the time, it was the largest sum ever purchased for a painting. In monetary terms this represented the largest single return of Nazi-looted art in Austria. Learn about the woman whose autobiographical books inspired "Little House on the Prairie.". The couple had three sons and a daughter in America, building a life together in a country that welcomed them. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. 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