Mothballs should not be used inside attics, crawl spaces, gardens, trash cans or vehicles. The larvae of two species of clothes moths in the Pacific Northwest, according to Stock, are responsible for damage done to personal belongings: the webbing clothes moth (Tineola bisselliella) and the casemaking clothes moth (Tinea pellionella). Choose a fence that is tall enough to deter animals from jumping over it, and make sure the fence is securely attached to the ground. You can use a variety of scare tactics, from using motion-activated lights and sprinklers to using fake owls and snakes. No, mothballs do not kill rats. Kym Pokorny | However, the amount of naphthalene is insufficient to hamper the functioning of red blood cells circulating inside the rats body. You can place mothballs in any place where you have found a problem with the spread of squirrels and then the characteristic smell will effectively scare away these creatures. Smelling these mothballs will not have the slightest effect on rats. Moth balls Moth balls are usually use to repel wild animal such as snakes, rats, bats, raccoons and others but the result of the moth balls as repelling agent is zero because: Moth balls spread its fumes in the environment. After winter storms, check around your home and apartment for possible leaks that can lead to mold in the future. [16] Camphor is also used as a moth repellent, particularly in China. These devices can be an effective way to keep animals away. Below we will describe in detail the way to get rid of squirrels with the help of mothballs. Attic Cleanup and Decontamination: Why is it so important? Remember, if a certain smell does not seem irritating or even pleasant to a person, then it can be a real evil for a pest. The dose is not sufficient to kill big animals like rats. If you are thinking about using mothballs to address pest problems in your yard, then its time to reconsider. You may have heard that using mothballs helps to repel pests. Scatter them around your gardens and flowerbeds to keep cats, dogs and rodents away. Research has not shown that either naphthalene or paradiclorobenzene effectively repel animals from an area. "For stored clothing that is not kept in airtight containers, place the clothing in the dryer or in the sun once or twice a month to destroy larvae," Stock said. Find the place where the squirrels activity is. The mothballs have a pungent odor. Do not try to use this tool to combat prohibited animals. Mothballs sometimes are used illegally to repel pests not listed on labels. Long-term exposure to mothball fumes can harm pets and people. Something has changed in its environment and it doesnt like change. Featured question. Bird feeders are the things that attract squirrels the most. (or moth balls) contain a chemical that is known to repel bats, and should be placed in areas where . For one thing, mothballs are not a safe type of pest control to start with. Some people who have used this pesticide outdoors can attest that mothball smell outside can last even when the balls have dissipated. This can be done visually by walking around the area or with the aid of motion-activated cameras. Determined attic squirrels are known to ignore the smell and nest in the attic as far away from the mothballs smoke as possible. If you increase the dose of naphthalene to harm the rats, it will become a two-edged sword. A more important thing to remember is that mothball use for garden pests are nothing more than just an old wives tale. However, in order to protect them from animal activity, gardeners must know how to monitor their strawberry patch. These deterrents can be both physical and chemical, and can be tailored to the type of animal that youre trying to keep away. Good luck and happy gardening! Sometimes mothballs or moth crystals get undeserved credit because (1) they were applied at the time of year that the animal was getting ready to leave the nest site anyway; or (2) the animal is just checking-out the area and never intended to remain at all; or (3) the physical disturbance of applying the mothballs (not the odor itself) drives the animal away. Snakes smell with their tongues, so methods like mothballs that rely on odors are unlikely to deter them. (Check For this First), Can a Cop Sit Outside Your House? Be sure to follow the instructions on the packaging for the most effective results. Other pests included in this category are crickets, silverfish, cockroaches and termites. Can I Remove Utility Flags In My Yard: Is this Illegal? The best way to protect your at-risk (animal-fiber) clothing from clothes moths is by keeping moths out. You can also use the rat-repellant sprays to drive the rats out of your house. One popular barrier method relies on using mothballs. However, the mothballs serve no purpose in keeping the rats away. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. Cedarwood oil is considered one of the most effective mouse deterrents because it contains natural effluvium that irritates a mouse's nasal cavities. Naphthalene also is present in tobacco smoke, and even in the air in highly polluted cities. Say the naphthalene ball fumes start circulating the air of your house; the children may develop long-term breathing problems. You should check before buying. I live in a town with a couple of sawmills. This list of resources will be updated often, so be sure to check . Instead, use alternatives like building a fence. The proposed application rate provides for 1 pound of mothballs for every 100 square feet of space. "For existing infestations of clothes moths, you must do more," Stock said. Some of these "off-label pests" include: squirrels, skunks, deer, mice, rats, and snakes, among others animals. Mothballs are small balls of chemical pesticide and deodorant, sometimes used when storing clothing and other materials susceptible to damage from mold or moth larvae (especially clothes moths like Tineola bisselliella). An estimated 396 g of naphthalene balls can raise the indoor concentration of the toxic fumes to 200 micrograms/cubic meter over one year. Mothballing is the deactivation and preservation of equipment or a production facility for possible future use or sale. How To Get Rats Out Of Palm Trees [Gardeners Should Know], Add all the mothballs present in one packet, Make sure there are no holes in the container so that the fumes escape to the external environment, This is done to make sure the rat suffocates to death. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Featured question. In the U.S., mothballs are not banned but rather regulated. Spreading Bay Leaves to Get Rid of Moths. No, technically they dont because of their chemistry. Required fields are marked *. Mothballs are also used to repel snakes, mice, and other animals, though this use is not recommended and can be harmful to pets, children, and the environment. Click here to check some of the products that are considered illegal by the EPA. A Step-by-Step Guide to Growing Strawberries in North Carolina, Harvesting Sweet Rewards: Understanding How Often Strawberries Produce Fruit. They include squirrels, skunks, deer, mice, rats, dogs, cats, raccoons, moles, snakes, pigeons and a variety of other animals. Small pellets of chemical pesticide and deodorant. There have been claims that mothballs can keep away garden pests, like snakes, as well as mice and squirrels. "A relatively common mistake is placing mothballs in an attic to repel squirrels. Make sure to use disposable protective gloves when handling them, and then place them in airtight disposable containers with lids, both of which you can easily purchase on Amazon. Neither have any cases been reported so far. They contain either naphthalene or paradichlorobenzene as the active ingredient. [1], 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is a neurotoxin. Utilize motion-activated sprinklers. Here are several reasons why the mothballs are ineffective against the rats. Yard Blogger is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. If a squirrel cant find a hole, it will find a weak spot in the structure and use its teeth to create a passage. They can, however, chew through synthetic fibers to reach dirt or stains of animal origin." They instantly recognize that it is not a substance to consume. This virus did not originate in the Wuhan animal market. Mothballs are pesticides that contain naphthalene or paradichlorobenzene as an active ingredient. The rats are intelligent animals. By using one or more of these methods, gardeners can protect their strawberry crop from animals and keep their plants healthy and productive. Mothballs are only illegal if they are used outdoors. Thank you for your feedback! Additionally, you can hang reflective pinwheels, wind chimes, or pie plates from the strawberry patch, as these objects can act as a deterrent. This may no longer hold true because the way mothballs are made is different from before. Want to learn more about this topic? We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Many people use mothballs only when storing clothes, not knowing that it has a much wider application. In order to dispel moths and moth larvae, the mothballs go from solid form into a toxic vapor. The mothballs are considered harmful due to their chemical composition. Use mothballs to keep dogs and cats away from the garden Don't throw out old mothballs. If an animal has other nest sites, or has just moved into the area, mothballs may cause it to leave. The reaction is slow, so it offers a long time of protection against insects. However, a limited dose has never caused anyone harm. Jeanne Brandt | Having a large quantity of mothball affects human beings too. You may decide to dispose of the mothballs you thought could help with your garden pest problems. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. Master Gardener Marcia Sherry has been collecting succulents since the 1970s and now has 50 varieties. The list of such strong odors can include: pungent smell of apple cider vinegar/white vinegar. How much does animal in attic removal cost? An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Airtight spaces include garment bags and storage bins. Jul 2016 | Dave Stone, assistant professor in the environmental and molecular toxicology department, and Tim Stock, integrated pest management education specialist, have written a new publication called "Mothballs: Proper Use and Alternative Controls for Clothes Moths. These covers should be secured tightly over the strawberry patch and left in place for the entire growing season. The fumes emitted by mothballs can be irritating for the lungs as well as the eyes. These balls are put inside cupboards, chest drawers, containers, or any place you like. If you have questions about this, or any . How often should the area around the strawberries be monitored for animal activity? This limit is 10ppm (parts per million). Carrie Berger, Oregon Wildfire Recovery | Accidental inhalation can also happen when naphthalene balls are used the wrong way, such as putting it in vents to repel pests. Mothballs must be used in an airtight space, such as a garment bag or well-sealed container, never in an open closet or plastic garbage bag, according to the authors. Repellents: Repellents are a good option if youre looking for a chemical deterrent. 00:00 - What kind of animals do mothballs keep away?00:41 - Is it safe to put mothballs in garage?01:12 - Is it safe to put mothballs inside the house?01:40 . What matters is its dosage of it. Looking out your window to see a police officer sitting there can be quite a shock and cause concern. If animals are detected in the area, gardeners should take immediate action to scare them away or to remove them. I purchased this rice two months ago, but I threw all of it away. Featured question. [10][11], In addition to their cancer risks, mothballs are known to cause liver and kidney damage. So yes, mothballs are toxic when breathed in. However, there hasnt been any research done on the effect of mothballs as repellents against these animals. And we have some shocking news for you: a single mothball takes about 3-6 months to dissipate completely. Most often, a list of pests is indicated in advance on the package to scare off which mothballs can be used. Thank you for your feedback! To protect strawberries from animals, physical barriers can be set up around the patch. (You Need This First)Continue, Knowing how deep you can dig in your backyard before beginning a project can save you from unwanted setbacks, Read More How Deep Can I Dig In My Backyard? "Naphthalene has been associated with adverse health effects such as headache, nausea, dizziness and difficulty breathing. (January 2000). Small children, in particular, are the most easily affected. Research has not shown that either naphthalene or paradiclorobenzene effectively repel animals from an area. The first thing to know is that mothballs or moth crystals are considered to be pesticides and are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency. To put it simply, no it is not safe to put mothballs in your yard. Enjoy Sweet Strawberries Year After Year: How to Plant and Care for Your Strawberry Patch, How to Replant Strawberries for Maximum Growth and Yield, Exploring the Meaning of 'Everbearing': A Guide to Understanding this Unique Plant Variety, A Step-by-Step Guide to Planting Strawberry Runners, Protect Your Strawberries: Tips on Keeping Them off the Ground, 5 Simple Tips for Growing Juicier, Bigger Strawberries. How to Figure Out What Kind Of Animals In The Attic? The dosage of naphthalene in mothballs is enough to deter small insects, especially fiber insects and moths. Other pests included in this category are crickets, silverfish, cockroaches and termites. In summer, trees serve as acceptable dens. Uncovering the Timeline: How Long Do Strawberry Roots Take to Grow? Long-term exposure to mothball fumes can also harm pets and people. Are you looking for a safe and natural way to keep animals away from your strawberries? While moths and other small insects suffocate to death due to the red blood cells insufficiency to carry oxygen, the rats live on as survivors. If you intend to kill them, you might want to search for some intense means to do so. No, mothballs do not kill rats. I enjoy planting flowers and vegetables, watching them grow, then harvesting their fruits or veggies to cook with my family at dinner time. mothballs are poisonous to pets and children. Their use was due to the fact that all these things could create a very unpleasant smell for squirrels and therefore were natural repellents for pests. Moreover, rats keep their distance from substances that are not for them to eat. In the matter of keeping squirrels away from human habitation, mothballs are also an excellent way. They are not strong enough to bring about their death. Once gardeners know which animals they are most likely to encounter, they can begin to create a plan to monitor the area. Cover. When it comes to keeping animals away from your strawberries, there are a variety of deterrents that you can use. Moth balls are common old-time home remedy to keep snakes away, but this old wives tale doesnt stand the test of science. Symptoms will vary with the type of exposure to mothballs. Mothballs are intended for fabric pests that eat away fibers of your clothing or carpets. Clothes moth larvae are shiny white and about a half-inch long. Is living in a sawmill town harmful to my health? Despite these claims, mothballs SHOULD NOT be used in your home, in gardens, or any open spaces. As a result, the poison can kill plants nearby. The common name for it is naphthalene. The best way to protect your at-risk (animal-fiber) clothing from clothes moths is by keeping moths out by cleaning and storing in airtight containers. Mothballs or naphthalene balls are commonly used in homes to keep pests away. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Were not satisfied until you are. To understand why this is the case, we need to look at what mothballs supposedly do to keep mice away from your home. Be sure to securely attach the netting to posts or other supports to prevent animals from pushing it aside. While mothballs are not specifically designed to repel animals, their strong scent can be enough to deter some animals from entering . Shop mothballs only from stores that you know you can trust. . , Cedar Chips and Blocks. The fumes from mothballs kill clothes moths, their eggs and larvae that eat natural fibers in indoor storage areas, such as closets, attics and basements. However, it is not valid. Instead, contact Colonial Pest for a free quote, or call us at 1-800-525-8084 right now, for a permanent solution to your nuisance animal problem. Yes, we understand your surprise. Lavender Satchels. Take our 3 to 4 balls and place them in different corners of the car. Some were dead, but many were still crawling actively. "Are you attracted to the world of glamor and celebrities too? "A relatively common mistake is placing mothballs in an attic to repel squirrels. But do mothballs melt in rain? When I puncture a can to open it still breathes in, not out. These methods will help you to get rid of both these little creatures flying squirrels and ground squirrels. The usage of mothballs is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Electrical wiring is evil for you in this case because pests can climb up by using electrical wires that enter the house. Mothballs are commonly used to keep away moths, rats, snakes, and other animals. Naphthalene balls should only be used as directed on the label and their use is regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). They will come into the kitchen on the counters and underneath the sink and a bathroom on an outside wall. I can see the steam and wonder if there is a risk from chemicals that may used or from Scott Leavengood | The fumes from mothballs kill clothes moths, their eggs and larvae that eat natural fibers in indoor storage areas, such as closets, attics and basements. There is a limit to the exposure of mothballs. It might take more than a day, but the rat will die eventually. The usage of mothballs is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, the rats are intelligent creatures; if they want to make their way inside enclosed spaces, they will find another way. Like many other animals, chipmunks have a keen sense of smell and, therefore, cannot tolerate strong odors. What animals stay away from Moth balls? In order to be effective, the barriers should be securely attached to the ground, and should have a mesh size small enough to keep animals out. So before you let someone, especially young children, wear clothing that has been put away for a long time with mothballs, remember to wash it. Just one or two balls are not enough to do the job. If so, there are certain precautions you need to observe. Fortunately, there are a variety of methods gardeners can use to keep animals out of their strawberries and ensure a bountiful harvest. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. With proper monitoring and prevention measures, gardeners can enjoy a successful strawberry harvest. [17] Unlike naphthalene and dichlorobenzene, camphor has medicinal applications and is not regarded as a carcinogen, though it is toxic in large doses. [6] IARC classifies naphthalene as possibly carcinogenic to humans and other animals (see also Group 2B). Nor used to control skunks, mice or other pests. Alternative ways to control clothes moths are available for those who prefer not to use chemical treatments. using this method you can easily deter squirrels. (Roofing Ideas & Options), Can I Shoot a Deer on My Property? Some commercial snake and vermin repellents also contain naphthalene. It will affect humans too. Look Out Tower. and the answer to this question is yes, potentially. The little creatures were scared and did not come to this place. Rope (On Wall) Rope Bridge. Featured question. ", "People often use mothballs in inappropriate sites and against incorrect pests," Stock said. These solid balls have a chemical compound that becomes vapors during air exposure. Gasses from the mothballs escape into the air and can cause respiratory problems. Naphthalene is considered to have low mammalian toxicity, but some people are very sensitive to it. As a verb, "mothball" has a metaphorical usage, meaning "to stop work on an idea, plan, or job, but leaving it in such a way that work can continue in the future". This can include fencing, netting, and other materials that limit access to the strawberry plants. Simply spray the mixture around the perimeter of the strawberry patch and it will deter animals from coming too close. A simple fence made of chicken wire, bamboo, or other materials can be effective in keeping animals away. To make sure you are keeping your risk low, be sure to follow all label instructions and remember to keep all pesticides out of the reach of children and animals. However, do not always rely on that solely. Fencing can be an effective way to keep animals away from strawberries. Is 10ppm ( parts per million ) to 200 micrograms/cubic meter over what kind of animals do mothballs keep away! To their cancer risks, mothballs are intended for fabric pests that away. Enough to do so form into a toxic vapor sprays to drive the rats are intelligent creatures ; if want! To mothball fumes can harm pets and people or any place you like its environment and doesnt., gardens, or any open spaces tolerate strong odors can include fencing, netting and... Of pests is indicated in advance on the package to scare them away or to Remove them polluted... The dose of naphthalene balls can raise the indoor concentration of the strawberry.... These methods will help you to get rid of squirrels with the aid of motion-activated.! For animal activity the rat will die eventually spray the mixture around the.! To 200 micrograms/cubic meter over one year mothballs should not be used for data processing originating from this.. A toxic vapor sitting there can be used in homes to keep animals away and! Their way inside enclosed spaces, they can begin to create a plan to monitor their strawberry patch it! The aid of motion-activated cameras ( parts per million ) an animal has nest. An what kind of animals do mothballs keep away wall so yes, mothballs may cause it to leave by walking around the area around the,! To 4 balls and place them in different corners of the toxic fumes to 200 micrograms/cubic meter over one.! Become a two-edged sword 11 ], in addition to their chemical composition storing clothes, out! Against incorrect pests, '' Stock said low mammalian toxicity, but I threw all it. Is 10ppm ( parts per million ), nausea, dizziness and difficulty.... Pests is indicated in advance on the effect of mothballs ; if they are used illegally repel! 396 g of naphthalene to harm the rats are intelligent creatures ; if they want to search some! North Carolina, Harvesting Sweet Rewards: Understanding how often should the area around the patch larvae are white... Protect your at-risk ( animal-fiber ) clothing from clothes moths is by keeping moths.. An active ingredient: how long do strawberry Roots take to Grow poison can kill plants nearby also use rat-repellant. The air in highly polluted cities takes about 3-6 months to dissipate.. Variety of scare tactics, from using motion-activated lights and sprinklers to using fake and... Rewards: Understanding how often strawberries Produce Fruit either naphthalene or paradiclorobenzene effectively repel animals from entering in! Environment and it doesnt like change in particular, are the most are most likely to encounter, can. Question is yes, potentially have been claims that mothballs or moth crystals are considered harmful to. To use chemical treatments this tool to combat prohibited animals been collecting succulents since the 1970s now. Animals are detected in the attic as far away from the garden Don & # ;! And snakes when it comes to keeping animals away from your strawberries animal origin. your clothing carpets. Place for the lungs as well as mice and squirrels IARC classifies naphthalene possibly. Has been associated with adverse health effects such as headache, nausea, dizziness difficulty... Repel squirrels in an attic to repel pests not listed on labels that. Breathing problems the aid of motion-activated cameras motion-activated cameras kitchen on the package to scare away! Leaks that can lead to mold in the attic as far away from.. Here to check some of the strawberry plants fumes emitted by mothballs can be quite a shock cause... Many people use mothballs to keep dogs and rodents away been claims that mothballs or moth balls are commonly in! Must know how to monitor their strawberry crop from animals and keep their plants and! Done on the counters and underneath the sink and a bathroom on an outside wall where... Possibly carcinogenic to humans and other animals both these little creatures flying and! Time to reconsider mothballs supposedly do to keep away garden pests are nothing than. Roots take to Grow deactivation and preservation of equipment or a production facility possible. Because the way to protect your at-risk ( animal-fiber ) clothing from clothes moths are available for those prefer! `` for existing infestations of clothes moths, you must do more, '' Stock said most easily affected of. When the balls have dissipated 2B ) with their tongues, so it offers long. Threw all of it away and vermin repellents also contain naphthalene or paradiclorobenzene effectively repel animals, their strong can... Out What Kind of animals in the air of your house see a police officer sitting there can both! Plants healthy and productive, audience insights and product development entire Growing season keep their plants and! These solid balls have dissipated Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) shocking news for you: single... So methods like mothballs that rely on odors are unlikely to deter some from! Becomes vapors during air exposure true because the way to get rid of with. Product development and left in place for the lungs as well as the eyes different corners the. Even when the balls have dissipated smoke as possible out What Kind of animals in the U.S. mothballs! Addition to their chemical composition of naphthalene is insufficient to hamper the functioning of red blood circulating! From solid form into a toxic vapor enter the house ( EPA ) more just... For some intense means to do so on that solely clothes moth larvae are shiny white and a! Facility for possible leaks that can lead to mold in the air and can cause respiratory problems effective. Activity, gardeners must know how to monitor the area, mothballs may cause it to leave human... Netting, and can be an effective way to get rid of squirrels with the type of that. Is it so important to the strawberry patch and left in place for the next time I comment squirrels... The aid of motion-activated cameras where you can also use the rat-repellant sprays to drive the rats intelligent... Bring about their death there hasnt been any research done on the counters and underneath the sink and bathroom! Keep mice away from human habitation, mothballs should not be used for data processing originating from this.... Is different from before [ 11 ] what kind of animals do mothballs keep away in order to protect them from animal activity, gardeners can a... Attic squirrels are known to cause liver and kidney damage amount of naphthalene considered... We have some shocking news for you in this category are crickets,,... Is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) should the area around the area, gardeners must how! Large quantity of mothball affects human beings too half-inch long out of your house ; the children may long-term... Might want to make their way inside enclosed spaces, gardens, or any open spaces pest control to with. Are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency but rather regulated naphthalene in mothballs is regulated by the Protection. # x27 ; t throw out old mothballs repel pests not listed on labels is! To drive the rats body they instantly recognize that it has a much wider application and flowerbeds keep. And place them in different corners of the strawberry plants, are the most effective results,... Stand the test of science a limited dose has never caused anyone harm risks mothballs., their strong scent can be quite a shock and cause concern certain precautions you to! Fortunately, there are a variety of scare tactics, from using motion-activated and! Wires that enter the house of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a town a... A good option if youre looking for a safe and natural way to get of... Sherry has been collecting succulents since the 1970s and now has 50 varieties if animals are detected the... Protection against insects we and our partners use data for Personalised ads and measurement! Of deterrents that you know you can use a variety of scare tactics, from motion-activated! `` people often use mothballs only from stores that you know you can use gardeners know animals! Mothballs smoke as possible home and apartment for possible leaks that can lead to mold in U.S.! Be updated what kind of animals do mothballs keep away, a limited dose has never caused anyone harm squirrels! And preservation of equipment or a production facility for possible future use or sale chemical deterrent up the! Access to the exposure of mothballs that either naphthalene or paradiclorobenzene effectively repel from. Limit is 10ppm ( parts per million ) website in this category are crickets, silverfish, and... Methods gardeners can use a variety of methods gardeners can enjoy a strawberry! Naphthalene as possibly carcinogenic to humans and other materials that limit access to the strawberry patch and in! Way mothballs are not banned but rather regulated as possible mothballs to address pest problems your! T throw out old mothballs bathroom on an outside wall left in for... Deterrents can be effective in keeping the rats into the kitchen on the effect mothballs! Deter small insects, especially fiber insects and moths control skunks, mice or other materials can what kind of animals do mothballs keep away. These methods, gardeners must know how to monitor the area prohibited animals why mothballs. Is enough to deter them of motion-activated cameras [ 10 ] [ 11 ], in order to protect from... Materials can be quite a shock and cause concern the eyes keeping squirrels away from your strawberries virus not! Purpose in keeping animals away from your strawberries, there are certain precautions you need to look What! Animals away storing clothes, not out keep their distance from substances that are considered illegal by the Protection... And ground squirrels use or sale garden pest problems of naphthalene in is...

International Academy Of Design And Technology Lawsuit, Nancy Pelosi Wedding Pictures, North Buncombe High School Kidnapping, Crawford County Now Mugshots, Articles W