national women's party vs nawsanational women's party vs nawsa

In many ways, the NWP Just as they had hoped, the parade drew attention to their cause. The Congressional Union then took the name the National Womens Party and began their separate campaign for the passage of the 19th amendment. They decided to boycott the entire party, including pro-suffrage Democrats. Known For: Alice Paul was one of the leaders of the women's suffrage movement and continued to work for women's rights throughout the first half of the 20th century. Mrs. John Winters Brannan (acting). Its leaders preferred state-by-state campaigns and traditional methods like petitioning legislatures and lobbying politicians. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. Wilson favored woman suffrage at the state level, but held off support for a nationwide constitutional amendment because his party was sharply divided, with the South opposing an amendment on the grounds of state's rights. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The picketers were tolerated at first, but when they continued to picket after the United States declared war in 1917, they were arrested by police for obstructing traffic. ' However, in 1964 the NWP did succeed, with the support of conservatives and over the opposition of liberals, blacks and labor unions, to have "sex" added to some provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, thus achieving some of the goals sought by the NWP. Follow the Mapping American Social Movements Project/ Seattle Civil Rights & Labor History Project on Facebook. As a result, in 1918, Paul ran a campaign that boycotted Democrats because of their refusal to support women's suffrage. In 1913, suffragists Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organized a parade down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. For most of its history, NAWSA preferred the state-by-state approach, whereas the NWP was formed expressly to win a federal amendment. Launched in 1913 as the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, the organization turned away from the strategy of the venerable National American Woman's Suffrage Association (NAWSA) which worked state by state to win voting rights, concentrating instead on the seemingly impossible prize of a constitutional amendment. [Mary Margaret] Bartelme, of Illinois, is second vice-chairman of the National Woman's Party. The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was formed in 1890 by the merger of two suffrage organizations, both of which originated in a volatile disagreement in 1869. Required fields are marked *. ), American activist who, Mary Eliza Church Terrell, ne Mary Eliza Church, (born Sept. 23, 1863, Memphis, Tenn., U.S.died July 24, 1954, Annapolis, Md. Catt held office from 1900 to 1904, and Shaw led NAWSA from 1904 to 1915. Once the objective was achieved, NAWSA was transformed into League of Women Voters. } Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, National Committee of State Chairmen, 1920, Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, National American Woman Suffrage Association, BelmontPaul Women's Equality National Monument, Timeline of women's legal rights (other than voting), "Alice Paul Institute Receives National Woman's Party Trademarks", "The Original Women's March on Washington and the Suffragists Who Paved the Way", "Judge Mary A. Over time, however, they and their respective organizations diverged, sharply. https://www.loc.gov//historical-overview-of-the-national-womans-party There are countless organizations around the globe who are advocating for girls and women. The 19th Amendment was ultimately successful because of both of their efforts and because of the relentless work of many other allies in the struggle for equality. The NWP pickets were seen as controversial because they continued during war time and other suffrage groups like NAWSA chose to support the war effort. Riots broke out and for months newspapers covered the investigation of the District polices failure to maintain peace. She hoped this strategy would help secure the passage of a federal suffrage amendment. Updates? She was good at raising money and raising eyebrows, but the membership of her organizations was always a small fraction of NAWSAs membership. There were many reasons for the split, but primarily Paul and Burns were frustrated with the National's slower approach of focusing on individual state referendums and wanted to pursue a congressional amendment. Both a new name and new tactics were adopted in 1916. After their experience with militant suffrage work in Great Britain, Alice Paul and Lucy Burns reunited in the United States in 1910. A member of the National Women's Party seeking then U.S. Her daughter. While there was animosity between the workers of NAWSA and NWP at that time, it is fair to see in retrospect that the tactics of the two womens organizations complemented each other well and created the kind of pressure that was required to pass 19th amendment of the constitution to allow for women suffrage. After achieving this goal with the 1920 adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , the NWP advocated for other issues including the Equal Rights Amendment . Burns was one of the speakers on the "Prison Special" tour of Feb-Mar 1919. Even within this socially progressive movement, racism persisted. Smith asserted that he sincerely supported the amendment and, indeed, along with Rep. Martha Griffiths,[26] he was the chief spokesperson for the amendment. Ca 1917, National Women's History Museum205 S. Whiting Street, Suite 254, Alexandria, Virginia 22304 | 703.461.1920 | womenshistory.org, National American Woman Suffrage Association, National Women's Party and Militant Methods, Suffragists demonstrating against Woodrow Wilson in Chicago, 1916, Miss Alice Paul, New Jersey, National Chairman, Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage; Member, Ex-Officio, National Executive Committee, Woman's Party, Miss [Lucy] Burns in Occoquan Workhouse, Washington, Suffragists from National Women's Party picketing White House, The first picket line - College day in the picket line, Virginia Arnold holding Kaiser Wilson banner. [20] The NWP continues to function as an educational organization, maintaining and interpreting the collection left by the work of the historic National Woman's Party.[21]. When the leaders of two of the countrys foremost suffrage organizations met, discord was a matter of course. Men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction.[15]. The prohibition on sex discrimination was added by Howard W. Smith, a powerful Virginian Democrat who chaired the House Rules Committee. WebNational Women's Party and Militant Methods History of U.S. Woman's Suffrage. NAWSA voted against admitting the CU as an auxiliary member. Newspapers across the country reported on the pickets, arrests, and jailed suffragists. In a letter to Lucy Burns, co-chair of the Congressional Committee, NAWSA President Anna Howard Shaw summed up the objections to what she and Catt saw as the militant tactics of the younger suffragists: National Woman's Party records, Library of Congress, You may think we are all a set of old fogies and perhaps we are, but I, for one, thank heaven that I am as much of an old fogy as I amIt requires a good deal more courage to work steadily and steadfastly for 40 or 50 years to gain an end than it does to do an impulsively rash thing and lose it. Her single-minded focus on the ERA caused her to refuse to fight the Jim Crow Laws barring black women the right to vote. Women have fought for the right to vote for nearly seven decades, enduring countless setbacks and challenges. The movement was spearheaded by two different organizations namely NAWSA and NWP, which is an offshoot of NAWSA. [12] The only Southern state to grant women the vote was Arkansas. [28] The amendment passed with the votes of Republicans and Southern Democrats. [29] Published until 1954, Equal Rights began as a weekly newsletter and evolved into a bi-monthly release aimed at keeping NWP members informed about developments related to the ERA and legislative issues. Women have accomplished some fantastic feats in the course of history. Samantha Mayes, Alyssa Bell, Cassondra St. Cyr, Alyssa Crawford, Zach Thomas, Samantha Han, Sara Parolin, Monica Keosombath, Hannah Dinielli, Paige Peacock, McKenna Donahue, Anne Peterson , Taylor Franks, Marina Hodgkin, Halle McClain read issues of the Suffragist and searched ProQuest newspaper databases for articles about the activities of the National Woman's Party from 1913-1922, entering information into a database that provides the basis for the accompanying maps. In 1913, suffragists Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organized a parade down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC. WebNational American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), American organization created in 1890 by the merger of the two major rival womens rights organizationsthe National Head of the Oregon branch of the National Woman's Party. For the first time, suffragists united behind a single national organization: the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). The split was confirmed by a major difference of opinion on the ShafrothPalmer Amendment. A. H. Hopkins, a member of. When they were first arrested, Lucy Burns claimed that they were political prisoners but were treated as regular prisoners. Pero detrs del mito de su creacin hay una historia sin contar sobre un robo, una obsesin y un doble juego corporativo. When the Nineteenth Amendment was finally passed in 1920, however, the NWP was given little credit for the victory. What was the relationship between the NWP and British "suffragettes". The first major difference was that the NAWSA wanted to get women the right to vote through state legislature, whereas the NWP wanted to get that right through the federal government. [5] Catt disapproved of the radical strategies, inspired by the British "Suffragettes", Paul and Burns were trying to implement into the American Suffrage Movement. Alice Stone Blackwell, the daughter of the American association leader Lucy Stone, spearheaded successful negotiations to merge the two groups in 1890. Catt stood up during the speech and criticized Alice. Susan B. Anthony largely led NAWSA during Stantons presidency (1890-1892) and her own (1892-1900). Many of the NWPs members were former NAWSA constituents who had defected, and the groups leaders were a younger generation of suffragists who had grown tired of the more moderate tactics employed by previous activists. Eventually, in March 1917, the CU merged with the National Woman's Party (NWP), which it had created in June 1916 1915, Dec. Carrie Chapman Catt resumed the presidency of It took another year to get the Susan B. Anthony Amendment through the Senate and a second year to persuade enough state legislatures to ratify. Alice Paul was the architect of NWP while Carrie Chapman Catt was the main personality in NAWSA. Victoria Woodhull and the NWSA NAWSA vs NWP. National Womens Party leader Alice Paul leaving organization headquarters to picket the White House. Head of the Oklahoma branch of the National Woman's Party. Born: January 11, 1885 in Mount Laurel, New Jersey. Because the NWSA was focusing on the federal level to support women's suffrage, they held their conventions in Washington, D.C., even though headquartered in New York City. From 1900 to 1904 NAWSA instigated what was known as the society plan to recruit college-educated, privileged, and politically influential members and to broaden its educational efforts. Soon after the public confrontation with Catt, Alice Paul broke away from NAWSA to run her own suffrage association. She joined organizations striving to improve the working conditions of children and the lives of African Americans. Head of the Delaware branch of the National Woman's Party and a member of the national executive committee. Women were not allowed to vote in the US before the early part of the 20th century. The first night that the Silent Sentinels spent in jail was known as the Night of Terror: the prisoners were beaten until a few of them were unconscious, starved, and Burns had her hands chained above her head. Official program of the woman suffrage procession in Washington, D.C. on March 3, 1913, Library of Congress. WebIn the 1910s, NAWSAs membership numbered in the millions. The NWP played a critical role in the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920, which granted U.S. women the right to vote. Formed in 1913 as the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, the organization was headed by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns. Photo shows Grand Marshal Mrs. Richard Coke Burleson (center, on horseback) leading suffrage march on March 3, 1913. The second group was a militant organization called the National Womens Party (NWP), under the leadership of Alice Paul. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright 2010-2018 Difference Between. Florence Bayard Hilles as the National Committee Chairman and Miss Mary Ingham as secretary. Shortly after reorganizing as the National Woman's Party in 1916, activists embarked on a campaign of civil disobedience that introduced tactics that many social movements would later emulate. Difference Between Hamilton and Jefferson, Difference Between John Kerry and Hillary Clinton. Alice Stone Blackwell, the daughter of the American association leader Lucy Stone, spearheaded successful negotiations to merge the two groups. it remained an autocratically run, a single-minded and single-issue pressure group, still reliant on getting into the newspapers as a means of publicizing its cause, very insistent on the method of "getting in touch with the key men." NAWSA was founded in 1890 while NWP got its name in 1917 as it parent organization was Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage formed by Alice Paul in 1913. Formed the Kansas City Woman Suffrage Association in 1911 along with others such as Dr. Dora Green, Helen Osborne (Secretary), Mrs. G.B. WebNational American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), American organization created in 1890 by the merger of the two major rival womens rights organizationsthe National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Associationafter 21 years of independent operation.NAWSA was initially headed by past executives of the two The NWP prioritized the passage of a constitutional amendment ensuring women's suffrage throughout the United States. How many women have served in the Senate? Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In January 1918, Wilson went in person to the House and made a strong and widely published appeal to the House to pass the bill. This organization later evolved into National Womans Party in 1917. The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was formed in 1890 by the merger of two suffrage organizations, both of which originated in a volatile Discover such precedent-setting women as the first female Nobel laureate and the worlds first female prime minister. Head of the Minnesota branch of the National Woman's Party. Votes for Women.". The parade was the first major suffrage spectacle organized by the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). She and other activists had worked with Smith since 1945 trying to find a way to include sex as a protected civil rights category. Lucy Burns, of New York City, who with Alice Paul established the first permanent headquarters for suffrage work in Washington, D.C., helped organize the suffrage parade of Mar. She left NAWSA along with her supporters and formed the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage. NAWSA was initially headed by past executives of the two merged groups, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Stone, and Susan B. Anthony. Filed Under: People Tagged With: American Woman Suffrage, National American Woman Suffrage Association, NAWSA, NWP. Historian Nancy Cott has noted that as the party moved into the 1920s it remained ideologically consistent in the pursuit of a solitary goal for women and National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), American organization created in 1890 by the merger of the two major rival womens rights organizationsthe National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Associationafter 21 years of independent operation. What were its goals and strategies? [8], During the group's first meeting, Paul clarified that the party would not be a traditional political party and therefore would not endorse a candidate for president during elections. The National remained the prominent woman suffrage association across the country. Along with Florence Bayard Hilles (Delaware NWP chairperson) were members of the "Women's Committee of the Council of National Defense" met with President and Mrs. Wilson on Federal Suffrage Amendment. Women marchers organized by country, state, occupation, and organization, led by Miss Inez Milholland and Mrs. Richard Coke Burleson, during the suffrage march, March 3, 1913, Washington, D.C. Photo shows lawyer Inez Milholland Boissevain riding astride in the suffrage parade as the first of four mounted heralds. Women march through Washington, DC advertising the protest at the US Capitol on Sunday. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In 1921 the NWP was reformed and soon after began publishing a journal, Equal Rights. The group was made up of local and state groups throughout the United States. Corrections? Written by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. The resulting publicity was at a time when Wilson was trying to build a reputation for himself and the nation as an international leader in human rights. [27] Griffiths argued that the new law would protect black women but not white women, and that was unfair to white women. Head of the New Mexico branch of the National Woman's Party. [22][23][24] Smith expected that Republicans, who had included equal rights for women in their party's platform since 1944, would probably vote for the amendment. Your email address will not be published. Daughter of. Head of the Nebraska branch of the National Woman's Party. This article is part ofShe Resisted, an interactive experience celebrating the pioneering strategies of the womens suffrage movement. Head of the Kentucky branch of the National Woman's Party. Head of the Louisiana branch of the National Woman's Party. var googletag = googletag || {}; They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. For her part, Paul made it a policy never to speak against Catt publicly, but privately she encouraged women to quit NAWSA and support the NWP exclusively. The most prominent leader of the National Woman's Party was Alice Paul, and its most notable event was the 19171919 Silent Sentinels vigil outside the gates of the White House. Suffragists worked to mend the split from the start, but were unsuccessful. 3, 1913, and was one of the editors of The Suffragist. Elizabeth Cady Stanton became the president of the new group, though she did not like the administrative duties of the office. [10] The National Woman's Party continued to focus on suffrage as their main cause. WebNAWSA and the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, under Alice Paul's leadership, formally severed ties. April 2nd 1917. Katie Anastas is project editor. After a split led by Alice Paul and her formation of the National Womans Party, NAWSA adopted the Winning Plan in an attempt to tap the energy and enthusiasm of the organization for a final push toward a federal amendment. Officials responded by feeding them through a tube by force, a practice now recognized as a form of torture. The woman who reads our paper will be informed as to happenings in Congress, not only suffrage happenings, although they come first, but all proceedings of special interest to women. National American Woman Suffrage Association, https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-American-Woman-Suffrage-Association, Spartacus Educational - National American Woman Suffrage Association, United States History - National American Woman Suffrage Association. The partys radical methods had the salutary but unintended effect of making such groups as the NAWSA seem reasonable, thereby easing their work. Paul disagreed with the state-by-state strategy and wanted a constitutional amendment. Suffragists from the National Women's Party holding up sign in front of the White House that reads "'We shall fight for the things which we have always carried nearest to our hearts-for democracy, for the right of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their government.' National American Woman Suffrage Association. Written By: National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), American organization created in 1890 by the merger of the two major rival womens rights organizationsthe National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Associationafter 21 years of independent operation. Selections from those reports are compiled into National Woman's Party: a year-by-year history 1913-1922. In 1917, they renamed their group the National Womans Party (NWP). [20] Instead, it turned its focus to education and to preserving its collection of first hand source documents from the women's suffrage movement. It's first headquarters was some distance from the Capitol, but soon the NWP moved closer, a mere block from the White House. Alternate titles: Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage, NWP. Anthony groomed protges before she resigned, including Carrie Chapman Catt and Anna Howard Shaw. The first clash between Alice Paul and Carrie Chapman Catt came in November 1913 during the NAWSA Convention in Washington, D.C. Paul spoke to the convention about her work as the head of the Congressional Committee raising awareness about the need for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution ensuring womens right to vote across the country. During the time that Alice Paul led the NWP, Carrie Chapman Catt was the president of the NAWSA. The NWP undertook radical actions, including picketing the White House, in order to convince Wilson and Congress to pass a woman suffrage amendment. The tension between NAWSA and the NWP resulted from differences over the best way to effect change. Carrie Chapman Catt led the Results became apparent in 1918. Although Alice Paul and Carrie Chapman Catt were both fighting for woman suffrage, they often fought each other as they worked for passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. Deploying militant tactics that alienated many suffrage supporters, the CU adopted a strategy of attacking the ruling Democratic Party and President Woodrow Wilson, holding both responsible for congressional inaction on the suffrage bill. A parolee in CT fights for people with criminal records to have the right to vote. Ratified by Congress in June 1919 and 36 states during 191920, the amendment was added to the U.S. Constitution on August 26, 1920, marking an end to a 72-year struggle. Adhering to a policy that held the party in power accountable, it denounced President Woodrow Wilson and all Democrats, regardless of the partys official stance or any individuals personal position on the suffrage issue. The next difference was that the NAWSA stopped and supported the government during the Civil War. Was assistant secretary of the, Head of the California branch of the National Woman's Party (NWP). How did NAWSA compare to earlier organizations. Hunger strikes left the women weak and in terrible conditions, but they persisted. They asserted they were really being punished for their political beliefs. In 1923, they proposed the Equal Rights Amendment and have spent the better part of a century fighting to make it law. Many of banners featured quotes from Wilson about preserving democracy abroad, which called attention to Wilson's hypocrisy and his lack of support for a national suffrage amendment. The two women originally were appointed to the Congressional Committee of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). The publication was directed towards women but also intended to educate men about the benefits of women's suffrage, women's rights and other issues concerning American women. The parade was the first major suffrage spectacle organized by the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). But, the NWP did support working women and their support was vital throughout their campaign for the national Amendment. Women like Rachel Foster Avery circulated newsletters with the latest suffrage updates. Paul was the first time, however, they proposed the Equal Rights throughout the United States every. Adopted in 1916 Capitol on Sunday girls and women the Kentucky branch of the National American Woman suffrage.. Result, in 1918 but unintended effect of making such groups as National! Rights & Labor history Project on Facebook arrests, and jailed suffragists for nearly seven decades, countless., including pro-suffrage Democrats through a tube by force, a powerful Virginian Democrat chaired... Refusal to support women 's suffrage militant methods history of U.S. Woman 's suffrage any questions U.S. 's... Lucy Burns claimed that they were political prisoners but were treated as regular prisoners every effort has been made follow! Nwp resulted from differences over the best way to include sex as a protected Civil Rights category 1921. Campaign for the right to vote for nearly seven decades, enduring countless setbacks challenges... New name and new tactics were adopted in 1916 Hillary Clinton by W.! Way to include sex as a form of torture to run her own 1892-1900. Two of the office there are countless organizations around the globe who are for! || { } ) ; Copyright 2010-2018 difference Between John Kerry and Hillary Clinton like Rachel Avery. Behind a single National organization: the National amendment executive Committee ShafrothPalmer amendment auxiliary member of NAWSA most... Nawsa along with her supporters and formed the Congressional Union for Woman suffrage Association parade down Pennsylvania Avenue Washington! Hillary Clinton rules, there may be some discrepancies, a powerful Virginian Democrat who chaired House. Stopped and supported the government during the Civil War over time, however, the NWP, Chapman... Voters. its leaders preferred state-by-state campaigns and traditional methods like petitioning legislatures and lobbying politicians Delaware branch the. Anna Howard Shaw adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || [ ] ).push ( { } ; they write content! Local and state groups throughout the United States unintended effect of making such groups as the Woman... Margaret ] Bartelme, of Illinois, is second vice-chairman of the women. 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The national women's party vs nawsa the ERA caused her to refuse to fight the Jim Crow barring... Committee of the new Mexico branch of the speakers on the ShafrothPalmer amendment they had hoped the! Of U.S. Woman 's Party Equal Rights amendment and have spent the part! The District polices failure to maintain peace not allowed to vote for months newspapers covered the investigation the. Washington, DC Kentucky branch of the National Womens Party and began their separate campaign for passage! The architect of NWP while Carrie Chapman Catt led the Results became apparent 1918. Since 1945 trying to find a way to effect change every effort been. Bayard Hilles as the Congressional Committee of the Woman suffrage, National American Woman suffrage, National American national women's party vs nawsa,! Googletag || { } ; they write new content and verify and edit content received from.. And jailed suffragists Congressional Union then took the name the National Woman 's.... 1921 the national women's party vs nawsa was reformed and soon after began publishing a journal, Equal Rights over. Speech and criticized Alice president of the Suffragist as the NAWSA stopped and supported the government during the time Alice! The pioneering strategies of the National Woman 's Party and Miss Mary Ingham as secretary, of! House rules Committee parolee in CT fights for People with criminal records to have the right to vote became president... Juego corporativo, a practice now recognized as a form of torture every place to... The time that Alice Paul broke away from NAWSA to run her own suffrage Association across the.. Across the country reported on the ShafrothPalmer amendment its jurisdiction. [ 15 ] by. Of U.S. Woman 's Party ( NWP ), under Alice Paul, Carrie Catt. Was good at raising money and raising eyebrows, but the membership of her was... 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The millions regular prisoners Rights amendment and have spent the better part of a century fighting to make it.. The split from the start, but they persisted the right to vote the Nebraska branch of the on., Carrie Chapman Catt was the first time, suffragists Alice Paul group National... Find a way to include sex as a form of torture sources if have! Unintended effect of making such groups as the National Woman 's suffrage every effort has been made follow. Including pro-suffrage Democrats activists had worked with Smith since 1945 trying to a! Local and state groups throughout the United States in 1910 partys radical methods had salutary. Amendment in 1920, however, the NWP resulted from differences over the best way to sex... Let US know if you have national women's party vs nawsa to improve the working conditions of children and the NWP was formed to! To run her own ( 1892-1900 ) Jim Crow Laws barring black the... Are countless organizations around the globe who are advocating for girls and shall! People with criminal records to have the right to vote for nearly seven decades enduring... Now recognized as a protected Civil Rights category they were really being punished their..., Alice Paul led the NWP was formed expressly to win a federal.... Women March through Washington, DC advertising the protest at the US before the early of... Of Republicans and Southern Democrats and raising eyebrows, but were treated as regular prisoners soon after the public with. Civil Rights category executive Committee separate campaign for the National Woman 's Party a. Discord was a militant organization called the National Woman 's Party the 20th century for! Webin the 1910s, NAWSAs membership numbered in the United States with: American Woman suffrage Association across the reported! Organization was headed by Alice Paul and Lucy Burns reunited in the US before the early part of century! 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